Definition:  An exception is an event, which occurs during the execution of a program, that disrupts the normal flow of the program's instructions.

When an error occurs within a method, the method creates an object and hands it off to the runtime system. The object, called an exception object, contains information about the error, including its type and the state of the program when the error occurred. Creating an exception object and handing it to the runtime system is called throwing an exception.

Differences between methods and constructors.

Object oriented programming or OOP is a way of writing programs using objects where each object has its attributes and set of operations defined by its class. An object is a data structure in memory that has attributes and methods. The attributes of an object are the same as variables and the methods of an object are the same as functions or procedures.

The two major design methodologies are based on

A technique for organizing and coding computer programs in which a hierarchy of modules is used, each having a single entry and a single exit point, and in which control is passed downward through the structure without unconditional branches to higher levels of the structure. Three types of control flow are used: sequential, test, and iteration.

A structured program is one consisting entirely of three types of logic structures: